2. NATIONAL AND EUROPEAN ORGANISATION OF DATA

Most of the organizations responsible for the derivation and publishing of the datasets identified are Government Departments or national agencies. However, the number of private companies providing graphical or digital data at a range of scales is considerable. Such companies tend to fall into three groups: 1. cadastral or land surveys; 2. aerial photography; 3. atlas houses. A limited amount of information has been collected relating to the private sector but the provision of map, and in particular digital, data is a rapidly expanding business. Therefore, a number of new products can be expected to originate from this sector.

The most comprehensive collection of data for the countries of the European Community is held in the CORINE information system (Commission of the European Communities, 1993). The data were compiled, starting in 1985, and maintained by the European Community Agency Task Force (ECATF) (EUROSTAT 1995a). The datasets held within the CORINE system include land cover, forest cover, soils and climate (EUROSTAT, 1995b, 1995c and 1995d) and includes that data managed by GISCO (EUROSTAT, 1994; GISCO, 1994).

The land cover mapping is incomplete with the United Kingdom still to be finished and only the base satellite imagery prepared for much of western Germany, Italy, France and Belgium.

In general, the scales of the data are small, ranging from 1:100 000 to 1:3 000 000. Much of the data within the CORINE Information System is held within the Arc/Info package, with other tabular data held within the Oracle database management system. Data are available from the EEATF (EEATF, 1994).

The compilation of the CORINE datasets was undertaken before the most recent enlargement of the European Community to include Austria, Finland and Sweden. Therefore, in the context of the project within which the report has been compiled, there is little data available for use in Finland and Sweden.

3. CONTENTS OF THIS REPORT

At the end of this document there are listings of the data available for each country together with contact addresses. The paragraphs below comprise a summary of these listings to provide an overview of each subject subdivided by country.

4. DATA SUMMARY BY THEME

4.1 Land Cover

Geodan B.V. (based in Amsterdam, The Netherlands) publish a Land Use Information Finder for land use data in Europe. This was produced for the RIVM-LBG in Bilthoven, the Netherlands (RIVM, 1994; Van de Velde and Scholten, 1994). This provides another source of information on the existence of graphical and digital maps, and their availability, for each country in Europe as well as continent-wide data.

The data contained in the Information Finder (1994 version) did not include any data for Ireland but does include data for each of the other relevant countries, including those most recently members of the EU (Austria, Finland and Sweden).

4.2 Forestry

The forest areas of each of the participating countries are mapped and inventoried according to national priorities and each country uses its own techniques. Forest data on a continent-wide basis is held within CORINE as described earlier.

In Finland, the forest inventory has been operational for over 70 years. It has employed a combination of ground based and remotely sensed techniques, including line transect sampling and sampling from within 3000 plots for monitoring forest health. Mapping is largely undertaken through a multi-source approach with satellite imagery and digital map data of such datasets as soils and meteorology. Currently, the multi-source approach is due to be extended from Southern Finland to the whole country (Tomppo, 1993; Tomppo, 1995).

The Republic of Ireland has approximately 7.6% of the land area under forest, of which 80% is State owned by Coillte (Dodd, 1995). There is no national inventory of forestry but Coillte do undertake inventories of the land they own or manage. The methodology is a census approach to surveying the forests, using ground visits to each forest (little use is made of aerial photography). The scale of mapping for the forest boundaries is 1:10 560 based upon basic mapping scale of the Ordnance Survey of Ireland, and the minimum mapping unit is between 0.2ha and 0.5ha.

In addition, site surveys of the physical resources of the forests were carried out which include, site fertility, soil type, elevation, exposure, drainage , wind hazard and accessibility. Currently, work is being carried out into semi-automating the processing of the forest inventory data using GIS.

Forestry information in Portugal is obtained from the Forestry Institute (the National Forest Inventory), the Institute for Nature Conservation (habitat and vegetation mapping) and private corporations (which carry out resource inventories of their own stock) (Pereira and Martins, 1995). Forest inventory data has been compiled as part of the land cover mapping from the beginning of the Century. Since 1963 aerial photography formed a major source of data using scales of 1:15 000 for central and northern Portugal. Photographic interpretation has been undertaken at different times across the country producing cartographic data at 1:25 000 in accordance with the scale of national base mapping.

Ground surveys have been undertaken in recent years to provide additional information on eucalypt plantations and stands of cork and holm oak. Currently, every fourth aerial photograph is studied using a dot grid as a basis for sampling. Additional data gathering for forest information utilizes satellite imagery and aerial photography for monitoring forest change (and fire damage), with results produced in digital map or image form.

Swedish forestry data is held by the Swedish University of Agricultural Science and the National Board of Forestry. All datasets have been derived using field survey, air photo interpretation and satellite imagery and give information about stand timber volume, forest soils and tree species composition, plus administrative and vegetational forest boundaries.

Woodland cover in the United Kingdom may be derived from several surveys over recent years which were based upon aerial photography, satellite imagery and ground surveys (Brooker, 1995). However, the responsibility for forest inventory lies with the Forestry Commission (Locke, 1987). A census of woodlands and trees is undertaken, approximately, every 15 years, starting in 1924. The current inventory will be the start of a rolling programme which will be a combination of aerial photographic interpretations and ground surveys. The base scale is 1:25 000 for those stands greater than 2ha (MLURI, 1993). The inventory data with such details as crop types and ownership are recorded at 1:10 000.

Information on the forestry datasets was, in part, compiled from recent initiatives on a `Forest Inventory by Remote Sensing' (FIRS) organized by the European Community's Joint Research Centre at Ispra (Kennedy et al, 1995). The FIRS initiative of the European Community, DGVI, is a new Programme, the objective of which is to develop a geo-referenced information system on European Forests.

The responsibility for organizing the FIRS Programme lies with the Institute for Remote Sensing Applications of the Joint Research Centre of the EC at Ispra. The first stage of this programme is the development of a common nomenclature system for forestry and identification of the variables that would be of greatest importance in such an information system (Driessen, 1995; Kerber and Olesen, 1995; Teller, 1995).

Certain variables being considered by the FIRS group may be of direct interest to the forest damage project. A commonality between the forest damage models and those variables being considered for inclusion in FIRS may enhance the uptake of the models (where applicable) in Europe. A full listing of the variables currently being considered is in the FIRS Final Project Report "Definition of a System of Nomenclature for Mapping European Forests and for Compiling a Pan-European Forest Information System".

4.3 Topography

Topographic data exists in digital form at scales of either 1:10 000, 1:20 000 or 1:50 000 for each of the five countries. All such datasets are compiled by or distributed by the national mapping agency. Almost all the coverage is derived by photgrammetric techniques (although using different scales of aerial photography) to produce base map data at 1:10 000 scale. Digital versions of the data are usually available at the smallest scale (1:50 000) initially, and scales of 1:10 000 or 1:20 000 have become available subsequently.

4.4 Soils

The scales at which digital data on soils are available are generally smaller than those scales for which land cover and topographic data are available. The classification systems used by each of the national soil survey organizations are different (even within the United Kingdom). Therefore, any requirement for a common classification of soils by, for example, soils wetness, would have to be tackled separately for each geographic area. A comprehensive summary of soils mapping in the EU has been published by the JRC (ISPRA) (ref).

4.5 Climate

The results of a project funded by the European Community during the 1980s for the derivation of a wind atlas for the European Community (Commission for the European Communities, 1989) for the purposes of assessing the potential for wind energy. The data is published in the form of a printed atlas including graphic maps, tabular data and background details on the models that were used. In addition, the data is provided on a diskette, divided according to the country and the type of data. The coverage of the atlas does not extend to include Finland or Sweden. Data on temperature, precipitation and pressure are comiled under CORINE (EUROSTAT, 1995b) and published in graphical and digital form. Each national meteorological service also provides data for their own country, usually tabulated by Meteorological observation station.

4.6 Satellite Imagery and Aerial Photography

Additional datasets of relevance were those from remotely sensed instruments. The extent of availability of such data varies considerably between countries due to climatic conditions. A listing of different types of remote sensing satellite sensors is included, with addresses of points of contact for each group of satellite imagery.

Satellite data is available from a range of sensors for the whole of Europe. Landsat Multi-Spectral Scanner, Thematic Mapper, Spot and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) are the most commonly available and also the most commonly used. Data from the Russian satellite (MOMS) and the Japanese satellite (xx) are also available although they have longer delivery times.

The supply of satellite imagery is dominated by private sector companies, either through direct operation of the satellite (for example, SPOT) or as national distributors (for example, NRSC Ltd and Nigel Press Associates in the United Kingdom). Other, major suppliers of satellite imagery include: EOS for Landsat data (Multi Spectral Scanner and Thematic Mapper); and Satellitebild, Laruna, Sweden. The US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has several WWW servers that provide satellite information and imagery to the internet community (http://www.nnic.noaa.gov/NIC/datacenters.html).

Ever country has a mix of black and white, and colour aerial photos across a range of scales. In each country a mixture of private sector and public sector bodies provide aerial photography.

5. CONCLUSIONS

This report has raised the possibility of co­operation between the project team and the RIVM in the Netherlands. RIVM currently maintain a PC­based data dictionary of land use data across the European continent which is not exclusively countries in the European Community. A similarity of purpose has been established and information about datasets has been exchanged.

A similar opportunity to exchange information is open with the University of Edinburgh, the Department of Geography of which are responsible for a "Digital Elevation Catalogue" (Gittings, 1995). This catalogue is currently not an on-line search facility but is widely distributed on electronic bulletin boards.

A copy of this report is accessible through the Project World Wide Web site:

../aair/aair-home.html

6. REFERENCES

Brooker, N A (1995), Geo-referenced forest information for the United Kingdom, linking nomenclature and integrating spatial datasets, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 327 - 340.

Commission of the European Communities (1989), European Wind Atlas. (Eds. I. Troen and E L Petersen), Published for the Commission of the European Communities, Directorate-General for Science, Research and Development, Brussels, Belgium by Riso National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark. pp 656.

Commission of the European Communities (1993), CORINE Land Cover, Guide technique. Directorate General: Environment, nuclear safety and civil protection. Brussels. pp. 144.

Dodd, P (1995), Geo-referenced forest information for Ireland, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 229 - 240..

Driessen, A (1995), European forestry information and communications system, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 133 - 134.

Eurostat (1993), Basic statistics of the Community, 30^th Edition. Eurostat Information Office, Luxembourg. pp 398.

Eurostat (1994), GISCO, Geographic Information System of The Commission of The European Communities. EUROSTAT, Brussels. pp 20.

Eurostat (1995a), GISCO Database Manual. Commission of the European Communities, GISCO/EUROSTAT, Luxembourg. pp. 77.

Eurostat (1995b), GISCO Database Manual:Climate. Commission of the European Communities, GISCO/EUROSTAT, Luxembourg.C3100CT2.DOC. pp. 22.

Eurostat (1995c), GISCO Database Manual: Land Cover. Commission of the European Communities, GISCO/EUROSTAT, Luxembourg.C3200CT2.DOC. pp. 24.

Eurostat (1995d), GISCO Database Manual: Soils. Commission of the European Communities, GISCO/EUROSTAT, Luxembourg.C3300CT2.DOC. pp. 14.

European Environment Agency Task Force, (1994), CORINE Information System, Summary Data Dictionary, Directorate general for the Environment, Nuclear Safety and Civil Protection, Brussels, March 1994, pp. 80.

FIRS Project Group 1996 Definition of a System of Nomenclature for Mapping European Forests and for Compiling a Pan-European Forest Information System".

GISCO (1994), CORINE Information System, March 1994.

Kennedy, P,J, Paivinen, R and Roihuvuo, L (1995), Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994.

Kerber, A G and Olesen, H H (1995), European Geo-referenced Forest Information Directory, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 133 - 134.

Kok, B (1995), Towards a GEO Information infrastructure in the Netherlands. In: Proceedings of JEC'95, The Hague, pp. 390 - 393.

Locke, G M L (1987), Census of woodlands and trees 1979 - 1982. Forestry Commission Bulletin 63. HMSO, London.

Macaulay Land Use Research Institute (1993), The Land Cover of Scotland 1988 by aerial photographic interpretation. Final Report. The Macaulay Land Use Research Institute, Aberdeen.

Melkerud, P, Olssen, M T and Rosen, K (1992), Geochemical atlas of Swedish Forest Soils. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Report 65, Uppsala 1992. pp. 85.

Pereira, J and Martins, L (1995), Geo-referenced forest information for Portugal, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 289 - 300.

Teller, A (1995), Nomenclature systems used in CORINE for forest applications, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 123 132.

Tomppo, E (1993), Multi-source national forest inventory of Finland. The Finnish Forest Research Institute. Research Paper 444. pp. 52 - 60.

Tomppo, E (1995), Multi-source national forest inventory of Finland, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 193 - 196.

Van de Velde, R J and Scholten, H J (1995), The preparation of a 10 minutes Pan-European land use database for environmental monitoring, In: Designing a system on nomenclature for European Forest Mapping. Proceedings of an International Workshop, European Forest Institute, Joensuu, Finland. June 1994. pp. 95 -110.

7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The following Organizations or Agencies have contributed information for inclusion in this report.

Ordnance Survey, United Kingdom.

The National Land Survey of Finland.

The Geological Survey of Finland.

EUROSTAT, Luxembourg.

Geodan (B.V.), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

RIVM, Bilthoven , The Netherlands.

Bruce Gittings, The Department of Geography, The University of Edinburgh.

European Forest Institute (FIRS Project Group)

8. DATA SOURCES AND DOCUMENTATION BY COUNTRY

8.1 European Union

WWW pages

EUROSTAT http://www.cec.lu/en/comm/eurostat/guide/gcontent.html

EUROGI http://www.frw.ruu.nl/eurogi/

ESF GISDATA http://www.shef.ac.uk/uni/academic/D-H/gis/gisdata.html

Europa Home Page http://www.cec.lu/

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

European Land Use Information Finder (Metadatabase)

Description of Data

Pan-European land use database of currently available map or statistical data.

Seven land use categories (including: arable, agricultural grassland, permanent crops, forest, urban areas). Land use polygons from a vector database plus statistical sources. Contributing information originated from EUROSTAT, USDMA, FAO, INENCO, SEI and additional national sources. The database is housed on a PC, operating with a Windows interface.

Resolution/Accuracy

Digital 10 minute

Projection: CORINE Lambert Azimuthal

Error and accuracy information: unknown

Source Organisation

Dr Hans Veldkamp,

Rijks Instituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieuhygiene (RIVM),

Laboratory for Soils an Ground Water,

PO Box 1, 3720,

BA Bilthoven,

The Netherlands.

Tel: +341 30 743332

Fax: +341 30 292897

Email: hans.veldkamp@rivm.nl

Dataset Name

CORINE Land Cover - 4 datasets

Vector 1:100 000

250m Raster

10 X 10km grid cell statistics

Description of Data

Vector 1: 100 000 - 44 classes with a 3 level hierarchy mapped from satellite imagery (generally TM) and auxiliary data.

Raster 250m - derived by rasterization of CORINE 1:100 000 vector database (44 classes, 3 level hierarchy). Predominant land cover class allocated to a raster cell.

Statistics 10X10km - derived from CORINE 1: 100 000 vector database. Percentage of area covered by each of the 44 classes. 1: 300 000 scale equivalent.

All three datasets are available in UNIX, ARC/INFO export format for CORINE Lambert Azimuthal Projection or National Projection systems.

Resolution/Accuracy

Vector - 1: 100 000 scale

Raster - unknown

Statistics - 1: 300 000 scale equivalent

Source Organisation

Mr. M. H. Cornaert

European Environmental Agency Task Force, CEC ­ DG XI

200 rue de la Loi

B ­ 1049 Brussels

Belgium

Tel: +32­2­296 9175

Fax: +32­2­296 9562

Participant Access

MLURI to register for use.

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

CORINE Forest Cover

CORINE Forest Health

Description of Data

Forest Cover - derived from CORINE Land Cover project data by reclassification and vector generalisation, resulting in a forest cover database in 1X1km raster format. UNIX, ARC/INFO export format, and CORINE Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection.

Forest Health - derived from national and trans-national surveys, carried out according to Harmonisation Survey Methodology.

Resolution/Accuracy

unknown

Source Organisation

Mr. M. H. Cornaert

European Environmental Agency Task Force, CEC ­ DG XI

200 rue de la Loi

B ­ 1049 Brussels

Belgium

Tel: +32­2­296 9175

Fax: +32­2­296 9562

Participant Access

MLURI to register for CORINE

SOILS

Dataset Name

CORINE Soils

Description of Data

Basic inventory of soil units of the E.C. according to the F.A.O. nomenclature

350 soil classes: two level FAO nomenclature

stoniness phases

texture classes (3) slope classes (3)

Resolution/Accuracy

Scale 1:1 000 000

Error Accuracy: unkown

Source Organisation

Mr. M. H. Cornaert

European Environmental Agency Task Force, CEC ­ DG XI

200 rue de la Loi

B ­ 1049 Brussels

Belgium

Tel: +32­2­296 9175

Fax: +32­2­296 9562

Participant Access

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

CORINE Digital Elevation Model

Bartholomews digital dataset

Description of Data

CORINE DEM - 5 X 5 min. world wide elevation in raster form.

Bartholomews - digital data for most European Countries (including all western European countries) - Bartholomews Ltd.

Resolution/Accuracy

CORINE DEM - 5 X 5 mins. altitude of cell to the nearest integer meter.

Bartholomews - 1: 1 000 000 scale

Source Organisation

Mr. M. H. Cornaert

European Environmental Agency Task Force, CEC ­ DGVI

200 rue de la Loi

B ­ 1049 Brussels

Belgium

Tel.: +32­2­296 9175

Fax: +32­2­296 9562

J. Bartholomews Ltd.

12 Duncan Street,

Edinburgh.

Scotland.

EH9 1TA.

Tel: +44 131 667 9341

Fax: +44 131 662 4282

Participant Access

MLURI to register for CORINE.

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Wind atlas

CORINE Climate - mean monthly interannual data

Description of Data

Wind Atlas - Graphic maps, tables and discursive materials and diskette with tabular data on wind speed and direction for 220 meteorological stations across the countries of the European Community as of 1989. Account is taken of surface roughness and height above the ground surface in deriving the wind speed values. The dates from which the meteorological observations were used are different for each station. However, in general the data was for observations between 1970 and 1983.

CORINE Climate - mean monthly internannual climatological data (based on time series of mostly 30 years) from national meteorological services supplemented with information from other data bases and publications from other agencies.

1. Rainfall - mean monthly total/ monthly maximum/ monthly rainy days.

2. Temperature - mean monthly average/ mean monthly max and min/ absolute monthly max and min/ mean monthly frost days

3. Evapotranspiration - mean monthly total potential/ mean monthly total evaporation.

4. relative humidity - mean monthly average

5. vapour pressure - mean monthly average

6. atmospheric pressure - mean monthly average

7. bright sunshine - mean monthly average

8. cloud cover - mean monthly average

9. wind speed - mean monthly average

10. snow cover - mean monthly average

dBASE4, ARC/INFO and MAPINFO, Geographical coordinates and CORINE Lambert Azimuthal Equal Area Projection.

Resolution/Accuracy

Wind Atlas data for 220 stations. Error/Accuracy unknown

CORINE Climate data for 4773 stations. Error/Accuracy unknown

Source Organisation

Wind Atlas:

Department of Meteorology and Wind Energy,

Riso National Laboratory,

PO Box 49,

DK-4000 Roskilde,

Denmark.

Tel: +45 42 37 12 12

Fax: +45 42 37 01 15

CORINE:

Mr. M. H. Cornaert

European Environmental Agency Task Force, CEC ­ DG XI

200 rue de la Loi

B ­ 1049 Brussels

Belgium

Tel.: +32­2­296 9175

Fax: +32­2­296 9562

Participant Access

MLURI to register for CORINE data.

Wind Atlas for Europe held by MLURI and NRS.

General Comments

The CORINE datasets are the principal European Community collation of environmental or spatially referenced data.

The CORINE datasets are not available for the most recent member countries of Sweden, Finland and Austria.

No estimates of reliability of the datasets are provided for the CORINE datasets.

Additional, "land quality" datasets are available, which are inventories based upon assessments which include soil, climate and slopes.

The wind atlas was derived before the European Community was enlarged to include Austria, Finland and Sweden. The atlas was funded by the European Community, Department of Renewable Energies. No update of the wind atlas is currently being planned. It can be purchased from the Riso National Laboratory in Denmark as a printed atlas together with the diskette.

8.2 FINLAND

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

Land Cover of Finland

Description of Data

Raster map of Land Cover data for Finland (cells 25m X 25m)

Resolution

Raster cells 25m

Field boundaries and surface waters at 1:25 000

Source Organisation

National Land Survey of Finland,

Geographic Data Centre,

Product and Sales,

Opastinsilta 12 C,

PO Box 84,

FIN-00521 HELSINKI,

Finland.

Tel: +358 0 154 5516

Fax: +358 0 154 5598

WWW site: http://www.mmh.fi

Participant Access

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

National Forest Inventory remote sensing maps.

Description of Data

National forest inventory raster maps series covering all forests for the whole of Finland compiled from Satelite imagery, field surveys and digital map data. Data comprises tree species composition in forest stands and stand timber volume and includes municipal boundaries.

Resolution/Accuracy

25m resolution

Source Organisation

Prof. Erkki Tomppo

The Finnish Forest Research Institute

Finland

Participant Access

Public Access with cost

SOILS

Dataset Name

Soils maps for Finland

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

1:10 000 for land near built-up areas.

1:10 000 in raster data structure, 25 m cells.

1:20 000, 1:50 000 and 1:100 000 for southern Finland.

Source Organisation

Geological Survey of Finland.

Information Bureau,

Betonimienhenkuja 4,

GIN-02150 ESPOO,

Finland.

Tel: +358 0 46931

Fax: +358 0 462205

WWW site: http://www.gsf.fi

Participant Access

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Topographic Database for Finland

Description of Data

The National Land Survey of Finland has compiled a Topographic Database which may be searched using electronic communications (such as the World Wide Web). The data model defines more than 100 feature classes, including terrain, hydrography and administrative boundaries.

The topographic details are compiled by photogrammetric methods with updates every five to ten years based upon aerial photography. Complete data compilation for Finland should be finished by the year 2000.

The digital elevation models were derived from source scale maps of 1:10 000 and 1:20 000 for southern Finland and Northern Finland respectively (the method of interpolation was different for each product). The raster processing package used is DISIMP, from CSIRO, Australia. Many of the topographic maps are also available in vector format.

Resolution/Accuracy

Digital elevation models: cell sizes of 25m, 50m and 200m.

The 25 and 50m resolution products were derived from source scale maps of 1:10 000 and 1:20 000 (although the method of interpolation was different for each product).

Accuracy not available

Source Organisation

National Land Survey of Finland.

PO Box 84,

FIN-00521 HELSINKI,

Finland.

Tel: +358 0 154 5177

Fax: +358 0 154 5454

Email: antti.jakobsson@mmh.fi

WWW site: http://www.mnh.fi

Participant Access

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Meteorological Institute of Finland.

Participant Access

None

SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Satellite Imagery: Landsat Thematic Mapper, SPOT, ERS-1, NOAA, AVHRR.

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

8.3 PORTUGAL

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

Land Cover

Description of Data

CORINE data set for national coverage. Vector cover at 1:100 000, compiled in 1985, with an alphanumeric database in MGE Intergraph format. The data is also available in GRID format. The GRID format of the CORINE data has a different legend from that of the vector data set (origins of the data were different - details not identified).

Resolution/Accuracy

unknown

Source Organisation

CNIG

Participant Access

CNIG

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

Burned areas

Description of Data

Burned areas 1991 and 1992 in digital format

Resolution/Accuracy

1:100 000 scale

Source Organisation

Instituto Florestal (Ministerio da Agricultura)

Av Joao Crisostmo no28 - 1200 Lisboa

Portugal

Participant Access

CNIG and Instituto Florestal

SOILS

Dataset Name

Soil Map Sheets

Description of Data

Graphical maps (not in digital format)

Resolution

1:50 000

Source Organisation

? Estacao Agronomica Nacional,

Departmento de Pedologia,

Quinta do Marques,

2780 Oeiras,

Portugal.

Tel: +351 1 44 31 505

Fax: +351 1 44 20 867

according to CNIG IEADR, Av. Afonso Costa, No3, 1900 Lisboa, Portugal

Participant Access

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Topography of Portugal

Description of Data

Whole country in 1: 25 000 sheets, most of which are in digital format.

Whole country in 1: 50 000 sheets, not in digital format.

Whole country in 1: 100 000 sheets not in digital format.

Whole country in 1: 250 000 sheets not in digital format.

Resolution/Accuracy

1:25 000 sheets, most of which are in digital format.

1:50 000, 1:100 000 and 1:250 000 graphic maps.

Source Organisation

Instituto Geographico Exercito

Av Dro Alfredo Bensaude, 1800 Lisboa

Portugal

and

Instituto Porugues de Cartografia e Cadastro

Largo da Estrela, 1200 Lisboa

Portugal

Participant Access

CNIG: some 1:25 000 sheets in digital format

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Instituto de Meteorologia

Rua C - Aeroporto de Lisboa

1700 Lisboa

Portugal

Participant Access

SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Satellite Imagery: Landsat, SPOT, NOAA.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

ADIMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARIES

Administrative boundaries (`freguesias') at 1:250 000. Date of data is 1991.

General Comments

8.4 REPUBLIC OF IRELAND

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

Description of Data

1:10 560 scale maps, with boundaries identified during ground surveys. Some restricted use of aerial photography in remote terrain. Data is held in Arc/Info.

Resolution/Accuracy

1: 10 560 scale

Source Organisation

Coillte Teoranta,

1 Sidmonton Place,

Bray,

County Wicklow,

Ireland.

Tel: +353 1 2867751

Fax: +353 1 286812

Participant Access

SOILS

Dataset Name

Soils maps

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

TEAGASC,

Agriculture and Development Authority,

Johnstown Castle,

Research and Development Centre,

Wexford,

Republic of Ireland.

Tel: +353 53 42 888

Fax: +353 53 42 213

Participant Access

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Topographic data for Ireland

Description of Data

Topographic data is compiled by the Ordnance Survey of Ireland. Base scales are 1:2500 and 1: 10 560. 1:2 500 maps are being digitized and will be available over the next ten years. The 1:10 560 scale maps are available in raster form. However, the date of compilation of these maps is early in the 20th Century and they are not based upon a National Grid.

Resolution/Accuracy

1: 10 560 scale

1:2 500 scale

Error/Accuracy: unknown

Source Organisation

Participant Access

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Satellite data is available from a range of sensors for all of the UK. Landsat Multi- Spectral Scanner, Thematic Mapper, Spot and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) are the most commonly available and used.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

General Comments:

Little use is currently made of satellite imagery for national mapping.

8.5 SWEDEN

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

Land cover data

Description of Data

Raster data structure

Resolution/Accuracy

25m cells

Source Organisation

The Swedish Land Survey (LVM)

Participant Access

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

The Forests

Forest Maps

Description of Data

The Forests - volume in National Atlas of Sweden. Digital raster maps. Derived from field surveys aerial photo interpretation and satellite imagery covering all forests in Sweden. Maps comprise boundaries of forest vegetation, tree species composition in forest stands, biomass and stand timber volume for 1990.

Forest Maps - traditional paper and digital vector maps. Covers forest land owned by companies, public, and private owners (forest maps are property of the owners). The General Forest inventory provide forest maps for small scale private forest. 90% coverage for Sweden derived from field surveys, aerial photo interpretation and satellite imagery. Information comprises administrative forest boundaries, forest stand boundaries within managed forests and forest vegetation boundaries including tree species composition in stands, stand age, timber volume, forest soils information and cultural values of the forest.

Resolution/Accuracy

The Forests - not stated

Forest Maps - 10 000 - 20 000 scale, Error/Accuracy not stated.

Source Organisation

The Forests

Mats Nilsson

Swedish University of Agricultural Science

Faculty of Forestry

Department of Forest Survey

Sweden

Forest Maps

Sune Sohlberg

The National Board of Forestry

Sweden

Participant Access

SOILS

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Graphical maps. National coverage. 1:100 000.

National soils inventory?

Resolution/Accuracy

1:100 000 digital data (vector or raster?)

Source Organisation

Swedish Geological Land Survey (SGU).

Participant Access

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Various topographic data sets

Description of Data

Graphical maps, 1:250 000.

Digital elevation data, national coverage. 50 m cells. (source scale not identified).

Resolution/Accuracy

Map sheets 1:250 000

DEM source - unknown (50m cells)

Source Organisation

The Swedish Land Survey (LVM).

Participant Access

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Satellitebild,

Laruna,

Sweden.

Participant Access

8.6 United Kingdom

LAND COVER

Dataset Name

Land Cover for Scotland

Description of Data

Data of the land cover of Scotland is published at 1:25 000 scale. It was derived from interpretation of panchromatic or colour aerial photography (1:24 000 scale) taken between 1987 and 1990. The data is compiled and edge-matched in a digital coverage in vector form. The format is Arc/Info.

Resolution/Accuracy

1:25 000

Source Organisation

Macaulay Land use Research Institute, (MLURI)

Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen.

Scotland,

AB9 2QJ.

Tel: +44 1224 318611

Fax: +44 1224 311556

Email: a.malcolm@macaulay.ac.uk

Participant Access

Land cover of Scotland - MLURI.

Dataset Name

Land Cover for England and Wales

Description of Data

Land Cover of Great Britain (LCGB)

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Institute for Terrestrial Ecology, Monkswood, Bedfordshire.

Tel:

Fax:

Email:

Participant Access

FORESTRY

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Derived from the land cover (LCS) dataset in Scotland. A pilot study is underway for the compilation of data for England and Wales.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Forestry Commission,

Corstorphine Road,

Edinburgh,

Scotland.

Tel: 0131 334 0303

Fax: 0131 334 3047

Participant Access

Accessible by NRS.

SOILS

Dataset Name

Soil map for Scotland

Description of Data

National Soils Inventory. 3250 points at intervals of 5km x 5km across Scotland. Full profile of local topography, vegetation and soils data including physical and chemical analysis by horizon. Held in Oracle database management system.

1:250 000 graphical maps. Published with accompanying booklet containing descriptions of map units and their associated characteristics.

1:63 360 graphical maps. Published with memoirs for certain geographical areas.

1:50 000 graphical maps. Unpublished. Acetate or film copies as compilation documents for the 1:250 000 maps.

1:25 000 graphical maps. Unpublished. Acetate or film copies. Soils are represented as Series.

1:250 000 digital data. raster format at 100 metre resolution. Cell values represent 1:250 000 map units as described in accompanying graphical documents.

1:25 000 digital data. Vector digitized in Tydac Spans or Arc/Info and available as Arc/Info export format data (*.e00) or generate format.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Participant Access

Dataset Name

Description of Data

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Scotland

Macaulay Land Use Research Institute,

Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen.

Scotland,

AB9 2QJ.

Tel: +44 1224 318 611

Fax: +44 1224 311 556

Email: a.malcolm@macaulay.ac.uk

England and Wales

Soil Survey and Land Resource Centre,

Cranfield University,

Silsoe, Bedfordshire.

England.

MK45 ADT

Tel: +44 525 86 32 51

Fax: +44 525 86 32 53

Email:

Northern Ireland

Agriculture and Environmental Science Division,

Department of Agriculture of Northern ireland,

Newforge Lane,

Belfast,

Northern Ireland.

BT9 5PX.

Tel: +44 232 66 11 66

Fax: +44 232 66 95 51

Participant Access

All soils data for Scotland (except forest soils), graphical and digital - MLURI.

All forest soils maps - NRS.

No soils for England, Wales or Northern Ireland held by participants except for experimental sites.

TOPOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Graphical altitude data

Description of Data

Graphical maps with contour lines. National coverage.

Resolution/Accuracy

1:10 000, 1:25 000, 1:50 000 and 1:250 000 scale.

1:1 250 and 1:2 500 with spot heights and survey height data. No contours mapped at these scales. Urban and lowland agricultural areas.

Source Organisation

Participant Access

Dataset Name

Digital altitude data

Description of Data

1:50 000 contour and point (50m x 50m coverage with the height value of each point is the mean of the height within the cell) accuracy of 3.0 m RMS for both vector and point datasets. This data set is referred to as the Land-Form PANORAMA product.

1:10 000 vector and point data structure. Digitized from contours surveyed at 1:10 000 scale. Available in 5km x 5km tiles. Accuracy of vector contours is 1.1m - 1.5m RMS. Accuracy of point data is better than 1 quarter of the vertical interval of the source contours. Digital format: National Transfer Standard (NTF) 2.0,

1:250 000 digital contour data - Bartholomews Ltd. DXF transfer format.

Resolution/Accuracy

1: 10 000 scale

Source Organisation

Ordnance Survey,

Romsey Road,

Southampton,

England.

SO16 4GU.

Tel: +44 1703 792773

Fax: +44 1703 792324

WWW: http://www.ordsvy.govt.uk

Email: custinfo@ordsvy.govt.uk

Copyright Department Tel: +44 01703 792684

J. Bartholomews Ltd.

12 Duncan Street,

Edinburgh.

Scotland.

EH9 1TA.

Tel: +44 131 667 9341

Fax: +44 131 662 4282

Resolution/Accuracy

Participant Access

1:250 000 DEM all UK - MLURI, NRS.

1:50 000 DEM all Scotland - NRS.

1:50 000 DEM most of Scotland - MLURI.

1:10 000 DEM selected tiles - MLURI.

CLIMATE

Dataset Name

Meterological records and summaries

Description of Data

The meteorological measurements for the United Kingdom are organized, collated and held by The Meteorological Office. Summary figures for any of the categories observed may be purchased and provided in computer readable form.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

The Meteorological Office,

Bracknell,

Berkshire,

Tel:

Fax:

WWW Site: http://www.met.o.govt.uk/

Participant Access

Meteorological Office observations for temperature readings at 146 stations in Scotland for the time period 1951 - 1980 are held by MLURI. Observations on rainfall for 1457 sites in Scotland are held by MLURI.

Dataset Name

Interpolated climate data for Scotland:

Description of Data

Raster format surfaces representing climatic factors at a 1km2 resolution for Scotland. Derived from analysis of data for meteorological stations in Scotland, obtained from the Meteorological Office. Surfaces include, maximum, minimum and mean temperatures, mean and total rainfall, evapotranspiration and accumulated temperature.

Resolution/Accuracy

Figures for the standard deviations for each 1km2 square are provided in separate images. The data are binary raster images.

Source Organisation

Macaulay Land Use Research Institute,

Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen.

AB9 2QJ.

Tel: +44 1224 318 611

Fax: +44 1224 311 556

Email: a.malcolm@macaulay.ac.uk

Participant Access

Climate surfaces for Scotland held by MLURI.

SATELLITE IMAGERY AND AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY

Dataset Name

Satellite imagery and aerial photography

Description of Data

Satellite data is available from a range of sensors for all of the UK. Landsat Multi- Spectral Scanner, Thematic Mapper, Spot and Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) are the most commonly available and used. Data from the Russian satellite (MOMS) and the Japanese satellite (xx) are also available although they have longer delivery times.

Resolution/Accuracy

Source Organisation

Aerial photography

Scotland:

Scottish Aerial Photographic Library,

Royal Commission for Ancient and Historic Monuments

Edinburgh,

Scotland.

Macaulay Land Use Research Institute,

Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen.

AB9 2QJ.

Tel: +44 1224 318611

Fax: +44 1224 311556

Email: a.malcolm@macaulay.ac.uk

Scottish Natural Heritage,

2 Anderson Place,

Edinburgh,

EH6 5NP

Tel: 0131 447 4784

Fax: 0131 446 2405

Forestry Commission,

Corstorphine Road,

Edinburgh,

Scotland.

Tel: 0131 334 0303

Fax: 0131 334 3047

England:

English Nature,

Northminster House,

Peterborough,

England.

PE1 1UA

Tel: 01733 340345

Fax: 01733 68834

Wales:

Aerial photographic Library,

Welsh Office,

Cardiff,

Wales.

Tel:

Fax:

Satellite Imagery

NRSC Ltd.

Farnborough,

Hants.

England.

Tel:

Fax:

Nigel Press Ltd,

England.

Tel:

Fax:

Participant Access

General Comments

A significant proportion of the data that is available for the United Kingdom is provided by or available through NRS and MLURI.

Accuracy estimates for the land cover, forestry and climate surfaces for Scotland are available although not for the soils datasets.

The principal source of climatic data is the Meteorological Office (MO). The MO are responsible for organizing the network of meteorological recording stations and collating the observations into daily, monthly and annual reports and summaries. This data is available for purchase in digital format from the MO.